6DD1600-0AC0

6DD1600-0AC0

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6DD1600-0AC0

摘要：基于ARM9系列的S3C2410處理器，結(jié)合嵌入式linux操作系統(tǒng)，完成硬件驅(qū)動(dòng)程序和模糊自整定PID控制算法的設(shè)計(jì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)全自動(dòng)生化分析儀反應(yīng)池溫度的高精度控制。運(yùn)行結(jié)果表明，所設(shè)計(jì)的控制系統(tǒng)具有響應(yīng)快，穩(wěn)定性、實(shí)時(shí)性好等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。實(shí)現(xiàn)了一種應(yīng)用于全自動(dòng)生化分析儀的高精度溫度控制系統(tǒng)。

1 引言
ARM9越來(lái)越廣泛的應(yīng)用于各種生物電子儀器中，全自動(dòng)生化分析儀是一個(gè)典型的應(yīng)用。生化分析儀檢測(cè)分析過(guò)程中溫度對(duì)檢測(cè)結(jié)果具有很大的影響，被檢樣品和試劑只有在的溫度下檢測(cè)才能保證生化檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果的可靠性。生化分析儀的溫控系統(tǒng)往往具有非線性、時(shí)滯性等特點(diǎn)，應(yīng)用常規(guī)PID控制達(dá)不到理想的效果。本系統(tǒng)以ARM9處理器作為控制系統(tǒng)核心，實(shí)現(xiàn)模糊自整定PID控制算法。經(jīng)測(cè)試，該系統(tǒng)精度高，穩(wěn)定性好，響應(yīng)快，反應(yīng)盤(pán)控溫于現(xiàn)行的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)檢測(cè)溫度37℃，控溫精度為土0.1℃，顯示精度為±0．01℃，*臨床使用要求。

2 系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì)及主要硬件實(shí)現(xiàn)

2.1 系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì)

系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)如圖1所示。系統(tǒng)主要由測(cè)溫器件、ARM控制器及顯示變送單元三部分組成。ARM控制器采用三星公司的S3C2410A。測(cè)溫器件負(fù)責(zé)溫度的采集，在本系統(tǒng)由DS1 8B20溫度傳感器構(gòu)成。整個(gè)系統(tǒng)工作過(guò)程是先由鍵盤(pán)設(shè)定溫度值，ARM 控制器控制溫度傳感器采集溫度信號(hào)，經(jīng)過(guò)模糊PID 控制模塊運(yùn)算，輸出PwM 波控制功率驅(qū)動(dòng)模塊，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)溫度的加熱和制冷控制，同時(shí)通過(guò)LCD顯示溫度。

2．2 控制器S3C2410

S3C2410A是由Samsung Electronics Co．，Ltd為手持設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)的低功耗、高度集成的，基于ARM920T內(nèi)核16／32RISC嵌入式處理器，運(yùn)行頻率可達(dá)203MHz， 獨(dú)立的16k指令和16kB數(shù)據(jù)的緩存(Cache)，虛擬內(nèi)存管理的MMU單元，LCD控制器(STN&TFT)，非線性(NAND)FLASH的引導(dǎo)單元系統(tǒng)管理器(包括片選邏輯控制和SDRAM控制器)，3通道的異步串口(UART)，輸入輸出端口，實(shí)時(shí)時(shí)鐘單元(RTC)，帶有觸摸屏接口的8個(gè)通道10bitADC，IIC總線接口，IIS總線接口，USB的主機(jī)(host)元，USB的設(shè)備(Device)接口，2個(gè)通道的SPI接口和鎖相環(huán)(PLL)時(shí)鐘發(fā)生單元。
本系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)采用32位RISC嵌入式處理器工作模式，采用NAND FLASH啟動(dòng)方式。NAND FLASH存儲(chǔ)器擴(kuò)展選擇三星電子公司生產(chǎn)的K9F1208，單片容量為64MX 8bit(64M字節(jié))，工作電壓2．7～3．6V，8位數(shù)據(jù)寬度，帶有硬件數(shù)據(jù)保護(hù)功能，支持上電自動(dòng)引導(dǎo)功能。系統(tǒng)中SDRAM 選用HY57V561620T，單片存儲(chǔ)容量為4組x4Mxl6位(32M字節(jié))，工作電壓為(3．3±0．3)V，16位數(shù)據(jù)寬度。根據(jù)系統(tǒng)需要和充分發(fā)揮32位CPU的數(shù)據(jù)處理能力，本系統(tǒng)選用兩片HY57V561620T并聯(lián)構(gòu)建32位SDRAM存儲(chǔ)器系統(tǒng)，共64MB的SDRAM空間，可滿(mǎn)足嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)及各種相對(duì)復(fù)雜的功能運(yùn)行要求。

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