82B21200 200A

82B21200 200A

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可編程邏輯器件PLD（Programmable logic Device）就是由用戶(hù)進(jìn)行編程實(shí)現(xiàn)所需邏輯功能的數(shù)字集成電路ASIC。可編程邏輯器件在現(xiàn)代電子工程設(shè)計(jì)中得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。它是在PAL，GAL等邏輯器件的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展起來(lái)的，具有高密度，高速度，低功耗體系結(jié)構(gòu)和邏輯單元，靈活以及運(yùn)用范圍寬等特點(diǎn)，同時(shí)還具有設(shè)計(jì)周期短，制造成本低，開(kāi)發(fā)工具*，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)產(chǎn)品無(wú)需測(cè)試，質(zhì)量穩(wěn)定及可實(shí)時(shí)布線檢驗(yàn)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。

現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線技術(shù)廣泛應(yīng)用于工業(yè)測(cè)控局域網(wǎng)中，它可以實(shí)現(xiàn)較遠(yuǎn)距離、較快速度的信息傳輸，而且只需要雙絞線作為傳輸媒介，簡(jiǎn)單可靠。但是，在該技術(shù)應(yīng)用中總線控制器與微機(jī)之間的接口電路一般采用單片機(jī)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。采用這種方式將導(dǎo)致較長(zhǎng)的研發(fā)周期和龐大的電路，且難于實(shí)現(xiàn)高速數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。本文利用CPLD成功地實(shí)現(xiàn)了嵌入式系統(tǒng)與CAN總線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的通信，速度快，易于實(shí)現(xiàn)，而且非常穩(wěn)定。

本系統(tǒng)采用的器件是Altera公司的CPLD，82B21200 200A屬于MAX7000系列。Altera公司的CPLD器件主要包括MAX系列、ACEX系列、FLEX系列和APEX系列。其中MAX系列器件為高速實(shí)

際應(yīng)用提供了非常高的性?xún)r(jià)比，這基于它*的MAX架構(gòu)。MAX7000系列提供了速度zui快的可編程邏輯器件解決方案，它基于CMOS EEPROM工藝，傳播延遲zui小為3.5ns。

2.CPLD實(shí)現(xiàn)接口電路

實(shí)時(shí)控制系統(tǒng)中，測(cè)控局域網(wǎng)利用CAN控制器實(shí)現(xiàn)微機(jī)間的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。其基本的設(shè)計(jì)思想是：由于PC總線協(xié)議與CAN控制器不*，因而在它們中間設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)硬件電路作為接口來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)換。PC地址與數(shù)據(jù)總線是分離的，而CAN控制器數(shù)據(jù)與地址線通過(guò)分時(shí)復(fù)用來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)地址與數(shù)據(jù)分離，剛好與單片機(jī)*。單片機(jī)技術(shù)雖然較成熟，但是，由于涉及單片機(jī)編程和開(kāi)發(fā)的周期較長(zhǎng)，且采用單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)需要較龐大的外圍電路，不利于研制系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用于嵌入式系統(tǒng)中。因此，用可編程邏輯器件設(shè)計(jì)接口電路，可以有效解決這些問(wèn)題。

本系統(tǒng)采用“主-從”式點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)通信。系統(tǒng)硬件由兩臺(tái)PC104主機(jī)和兩塊CAN總線通信模塊組成，如圖1所示。主機(jī)采用CPU主頻為300MHz的奔騰處理器；CAN總線控制器位SJA1000T；一帶屏蔽的雙絞線作為系統(tǒng)總線；通信波特率可用軟件設(shè)置為1Mbps；為了提高通信的可靠性，用CAN控制器的報(bào)文篩選器對(duì)報(bào)文進(jìn)行篩選，來(lái)對(duì)由于干擾而產(chǎn)生的錯(cuò)誤報(bào)文進(jìn)行濾波。

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